FCC Opens More Frequencies for Drones to Improve Reliability and BVLOS Operations
On January 8, 2025, the FCC updated their rules around spectrum usage Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) operations. This will have a significant impact on agricultural drones because it allows drone manufacturers to create a more robust control link with their drones, especially for beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) operations or when many drones are operating close to one another. This would be a great improvement for agricultural operations where rolling fields, treelines, and large buildings create significant issues with signal reliability, especially if the FAA liberalizes their BVLOS policies.
The rule creates a Dynamic Frequency Management System (DFMS) to help the FCC manage allocation of the 5040-5050 MHz band for UAV control related communications which will increase reliability and reduce interference issues. The rules become effective February 7, 2025, though some sections are delayed pending further review. This represents an initial phase of UAS spectrum rules, with the FCC planning to address broader use of the band and additional issues in subsequent phases.
For those interested, is a more detailed review of its key points is below:
1. The FCC is establishing new service rules that will allow UAS operators to access dedicated spectrum in the 5030-5091 MHz band for control-related communications.
2. Key points of the rules:
Creates a new Part 88 of FCC rules specifically for UAS services
Establishes a Dynamic Frequency Management System to coordinate spectrum access
Provides operators with temporary frequency assignments for non-networked operations
Places operations in the central part of the band (5040-5050 MHz) to protect adjacent services
Requires equipment certification and compliance with technical standards
3. The Dynamic Frequency Management System (DFMS) will:
Manage and coordinate spectrum access
Provide automated frequency assignments to operators
Ensure safe and efficient use of the spectrum
Protect against interference
Verify FAA authorizations
Communicate with ground stations
4. Implementation:
An interim access mechanism will allow operations before DFMS is operational
Operators will need FAA authorization and FCC registration
Multiple DFMS administrators may be approved
Equipment must meet technical requirements based on RTCA standards
5. The rules aim to:
Enable safe integration of UAS into the National Airspace System
Support reliable control communications for UAS operations
Protect other authorized services from interference
Provide flexibility for industry development